The World Health Organization said sugar "hidden" in processed foods not usually seen as sweets include the about a teaspoon of free sugar in one tablespoon of ketchup. (Aileen Devlin/The Daily Reflector/Associated Press)
People worldwide should cut their free sugar intake to between five and 10 per cent of their overall calories, the World Health Organization advises.
Free sugars refer to table sugar added to foods and drinks by the cook or consumer and sugars naturally present in honey, syrups, fruit juices and fruit juice concentrates. Excluded as non-free sugars are those contained in fruit and milk.
"We have solid evidence that keeping intake of free sugars to less than 10 per cent of total energy intake reduces the risk of overweight, obesity and tooth decay," Dr. Francesco Branca, director of WHO's Department of Nutrition for Health and Development, said in a statement Wednesday.
The previous UN public health agency's guideline called for free sugar intake to be less than 10 per cent of energy intake. The update reduces the level to "less than five per cent of total energy intake if possible."
The "strong" recommendation for a 10 per cent limit can be adopted immediately as policy, such as in dietary guidelines in each country, WHO said.
In contrast, the "conditional" recommendation for the five per cent level is desirable, but "dialogue and consultations are needed before the recommendation is implemented as policy."
Five per cent of sugar intake daily is about 25 grams of sugar/day for an adult, or about six to seven teaspoons.
Some countries have taken public health measures to reduce free sugar intake, such as nutrition labelling, restricting marketing of food and non-alcoholic sugary drinks to children, fiscal policy and dialogue with food manufacturers to reduce levels in processed foods.
The 10 per cent target may be more realistic, said Tom Sanders, a professor of nutrition and dietetics at King's College London who wasn't part of the WHO guidelines..
He suggested limits on sugary drinks, cereals, beer, cookies and candy.
"I don't want to say that you can't even have jam on your toast, but it is possible to do this with some effort," Sanders said. "Cake is lovely, but it's a treat."
WHO is also drawing attention to sugars "hidden" in processed foods. For example, one tablespoon of ketchup has about four grams (1 teaspoon) of sugar.
The draft guidelines were released in March 2014 for public comment.
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